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1.
J. bras. patol. med. lab ; 41(6): 383-389, dez. 2005. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-458915

ABSTRACT

INTRODUÇÃO: As infecções do trato urinário (ITU) ganharam maior importância entre as infecções hospitalares, principalmente a relacionada à sondagem vesical crônica (80 por cento de todas as ITU). OBJETIVOS: Avaliar a freqüência e o perfil de sensibilidade dos agentes causadores de ITU em pacientes cronicamente sondados em acompanhamento ambulatorial. MÉTODO: Dividido em duas etapas: coleta de dados laboratoriais com análises do perfil de sensibilidade dos agentes encontrados por laminocultivo e de prontuários, sendo instituída uma correlação clinicolaboratorial com os dados dos pacientes. RESULTADOS: A amostra do trabalho foi de 109 pacientes, com uma análise de 858 culturas das quais 674 (78,57 por cento) foram positivas. Em relação às culturas de urina, os agentes etiológicos mais comuns encontrados foram a Pseudomonas aeruginosa (42,77 por cento - 288 amostras), seguida por Escherichia coli (13,14 por cento - 89 amostras) e Candida sp. (7,68 por cento - 52 amostras). Segundo as medicações orais de escolha para o tratamento ambulatorial, a sensibilidade do norfloxacino para bacilos gram-negativos variou de 40 por cento a 44,34 por cento e do ciprofloxacino de 35,13 por cento a 51,37 por cento. Os principais fatores de risco foram tempo de cateterização, idade e diagnóstico de base. DISCUSSÃO: A faixa etária predominante dos pacientes foi a da sétima década de vida, o tempo de sondagem foi inferior a três anos e o diagnóstico de base principal a hiperplasia prostática benigna (HPB). O perfil de sensibilidade para os bacilos gram-negativos mostrou uma sensibilidade variável perante antibióticos indicados para a ITU. CONCLUSÃO: Concluímos em nosso estudo que n = 674 (78,57 por cento) das uroculturas dos pacientes sondados são positivas para bactérias ou fungos. O agente mais freqüente de ITU nesses pacientes é a Pseudomonas aeruginosa, seguida da Escherichia coli, o segundo agente mais freqüente.


BACKGROUND: Urinary tract infections (UTI) are gaining a new role of importance in nosocomial infections. The main reason for this increase is the huge number of chronic catheterized patients (corresponding to 80 percent of all UTI). OBJECTIVES: Analysis of the frequency and antimicrobial susceptibilities to urinary tract infections agents in chronic catheterized patients in outpatient setting. METHOD: Urine cultures of 109 patients mentioned above were analyzed and if positive, it was collected the patient conditions that leads to UTI, the causative agents and the antimicrobial susceptibilities. RESULTS: From the 858 urine cultures analyzed from 109 patients, 674 (78.57 percent) were positive for pathogens growth. The most common microorganisms found were the Gram-negative bacilli with 618 (92.38 percent) cultures in which Pseudomonas aeruginosa was found in 288 (42.77 percent) of them, followed by Escherichia coli with 89 (13.14 percent) cultures, antibiotic susceptibilities to norfloxacin was 40 percent-44.34 percent and to ciprofloxacin was 35.13 percent-51.37 percent, main choice to oral treatment. The main predisposed condition for the infection in these patients was: time of catheterization, age and diagnosis. DISCUSSION: In this study, it was determined that conditions predisposed towards UTI are fundamental for orientation, medical treatment and care in the catheterization. The data collection showed that 674 (78.57 percent) of these patients had infections, with great incidence in the first and second years. CONCLUSION: The non-fermentative Gram-negative bacilli were the most common agents that differentiate them from the infections within the community in which the most frequent agent is Escherichia coli (which was the second agent in this study).


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Bacteriuria/microbiology , Urinary Catheterization/adverse effects , Cross Infection/epidemiology , Cross Infection/etiology , Urinary Tract Infections/epidemiology , Urinary Tract Infections/microbiology , Catheters, Indwelling , Chronic Disease
2.
São Paulo med. j ; 114(5): 1274-1277, Sep.-Oct. 1996.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-320852

ABSTRACT

The authors report an unusual case involving a 38 year-old man who developed a intracranial abscess caused by Aspergillus of the parietal lobe. Cerebral aspergilloma of an initial pulmonary origin developed in a patient with "Fungus Ball" secondary to tuberculosis sequelae. The diagnosis was made through the isolation of Aspergillus from the secretion of the brain abscesses. The patient was treated with drainage of the abscesses and Amphotericin B. He presented a progressive regression of the radiological images (brain and pulmonary) over a period of 55 days. This report emphasizes the importance of combined anti-fungal therapy and surgical resection as a treatment for cerebral aspergilloma. Furthermore, an early initiation of therapy should improve the prognosis in such cases.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Aspergillosis , Brain Abscess , Aspergillosis , Brain Abscess
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